Science & Technology
विज्ञान तथा प्रविधि
Scientific Study, Living World (Classification, Honey Bee, Heredity, Circulatory System), Physics (Gravitation, Pressure, Heat, Optics, Electricity), Chemistry (Periodic Table, Gases, Metals, Hydrocarbons), and Universe & ICT.
Prescribed Chapters
Showing 19 LessonsScientific Study
Scientific Study
वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन
Variables in experiments (independent, dependent, controlled), SI base and derived units, dimensional consistency, measurement errors.
Classification of Living Beings
Classification of Living Beings
जीवहरूको वर्गीकरण
Five-kingdom classification system (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia), non-chordates and chordates classification.
Honey Bee
Honey Bee
मौरी
External morphology, life cycle of honey bee, social organization (queen, drone, worker), communication (dances), apiculture in Nepal.
Heredity
Heredity
वंशाणुक्रम
Chromosomes, DNA and RNA structure, Mendel laws of inheritance (monohybrid and dihybrid cross), genetic disorders, and biotechnology.
Physiological Structure and Life Process
Physiological Structure and Life Process
शारीरिक संरचना र जीवन प्रक्रिया
Human circulatory system, internal structure and functioning of heart, blood composition, blood groups, uric acid, hypertension, diabetes.
Nature and Environment
Nature and Environment
प्रकृति र वातावरण
Ecosystem dynamics, greenhouse effect, climate change impacts on Himalayas, endangered flora and fauna of Nepal, and medicinal herbs.
Motion and Force
Motion and Force
चाल र बल
Newton universal law of gravitation, gravitational constant G, acceleration due to gravity g, variation of g, freefall, weightlessness.
Pressure
Pressure
चाप
Pressure in solids and fluids, liquid pressure P = hρg, Pascal law and hydraulic machines, Archimedes principle, upthrust, floatation.
Heat
Heat
ताप
Thermal energy vs temperature, heat equation Q = msΔt, specific heat capacity, thermometer calibration, anomalous expansion of water.
Wave (Optics & Sound)
Wave (Optics & Sound)
तरङ्ग (प्रकाश र ध्वनि)
Refraction of light, critical angle and total internal reflection, convex and concave lenses, lens formula, power of lens, eye defects.
Electricity and Magnetism
Electricity and Magnetism
विद्युत् र चुम्बकत्व
DC vs AC, magnetic effect of electric current, motor effect, electromagnetic induction, Faraday laws, step-up/down transformers.
Universe
Universe
ब्रह्माण्ड
Origin of universe, Big Bang theory, expanding universe and Hubble law, life cycle of stars, white dwarf, neutron star, and black hole.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
सूचना तथा सञ्चार प्रविधि
Digital vs analog transmission, baseband and broadband, wireless communication, internet technologies, cyber citizenship, and netiquette.
Classification of Elements (Chemistry)
Classification of Elements (Chemistry)
तत्त्वहरूको वर्गीकरण
Modern periodic law, Mendeleev periodic table vs Modern periodic table, periods, groups, s, p, d, f blocks, trends in atomic size and reactivity.
Chemical Reaction
Chemical Reaction
रासायनिक प्रतिक्रिया
Types of chemical reactions (combination, decomposition, displacement, acid-base), rate of chemical reaction, catalysts, balancing equations.
Gases
Gases
ग्यासहरू
Laboratory preparation, properties, and chemical tests of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Ammonia (NH3) gases, greenhouse effect, and acid rain.
Metals and Non-metals
Metals and Non-metals
धातु र अधातुहरू
Physical and chemical properties of metals, occurrence and metallurgy of Iron (Fe), Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu), and Silver (Ag).
Hydrocarbon and its Compounds
Hydrocarbon and its Compounds
हाइड्रोकार्बन र यसका यौगिकहरू
Saturated (alkanes) and unsaturated (alkenes, alkynes) hydrocarbons, IUPAC nomenclature, homologous series, alcohols: methanol, ethanol, glycerol.
Chemicals Used in Daily Life
Chemicals Used in Daily Life
दैनिक जीवनमा प्रयोग हुने रसायनहरू
Chemical substances in daily use: cement, glass, ceramics, soaps and detergents, plastics (thermoplastic vs thermosetting), chemical fertilizers.