Curriculum Subjects Directory

Comprehensive study of Mechanics (Rotational Dynamics, SHM, Fluid Dynamics), Heat & Thermodynamics (1st & 2nd Laws, Carnot, Entropy), Waves & Optics (Interference, Diffraction, Polarization, Doppler Effect), Electricity & Magnetism (Kirchhoff, Biot-Savart, Ampere, AC & LCR Resonance), and Modern Physics (Photoelectric Effect, Bohr Model, Radioactivity, Semiconductors).

Physical Chemistry (Volumetric Analysis, Ionic Equilibrium, Chemical Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Electrochemistry), Inorganic (Transition Elements, Coordination Chemistry, Heavy Metals), Organic Chemistry (Haloalkanes, Alcohols, Carbonyls, Amines, Grignard Reagents), and Applied Chemical Industry in Nepal.

Algebra (Permutation/Combination, Binomial Theorem, Complex Numbers, Sequences, Linear Systems), Trigonometry (Properties of Triangles), Analytic Geometry (Conic Sections), Vectors (Dot & Cross Products), Statistics & Probability, Advanced Calculus (Integration Techniques, Differential Equations), and Computational Methods (Gauss Elimination, Simplex LPP) or Mechanics.

Section A Botany: Plant Anatomy, Water Relations, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Plant Hormones, Genetics, Embryology, and Biotechnology. Section B Zoology: Animal Tissues, Developmental Biology, Human Physiology & Health Systems, Diseases, and Applied Zoology.

Database Management Systems (DBMS & Normalization), Data Communication & Networking (OSI, TCP/IP, IP addressing), Web Technology II (JavaScript, PHP, MySQL), Advanced C Programming (Structures, Pointers, File Handling), OOP Concepts, Software Process Models (SDLC, Agile), and Contemporary Trends (AI, Cloud, IoT).

Advanced Ecological Dynamics, Water & Air Pollution Control Technologies, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Remote Sensing & GIS, Climate Change Mitigation, and Sustainable Resource Management in Nepal.

Language Development (20 units: Critical Thinking, Family, Sports, Nature, Humour) and Literature (20 units: Short Stories, Poems, Essays, One-Act Plays), Academic Writing, and Applied Communication.

नेपाली साहित्य, समसामयिक पाठ तथा निबन्ध, व्याकरण (पदवर्ग, शब्द निर्माण, कारक र विभक्ति, वाक्य विश्लेषण), र व्यावहारिक तथा प्राविधिक लेखन ।

Matrices and Determinants (Cramer's rule, Matrix inversion, Gauss elimination, Leontief Input-Output model), Calculus applications in economics (marginal analysis, elasticity, profit maximization, consumer and producer surplus, first-order differential equations), Advanced Financial Mathematics (NPV, IRR, Annuities, Sinking funds), Linear Programming (Simplex Method), Statistics (Skewness, Correlation, Regression), and Advanced Probability (Bayes' theorem, Binomial distribution, Expected value) with MS Excel modeling.

Company Formation (MOA, AOA, Prospectus), Accounting for Share Capital (Par, Premium, Pro-rata allotment, Calls-in-arrears, Forfeiture and Re-issue), Debentures (Issue and Redemption), Financial Statements of Companies (Trading, P&L, Balance Sheet and NFRS Statement of Financial Position/P&L), 12-Column Worksheet, Ratio Analysis, Cash Flow Statement (IAS 7/NAS 07 Direct & Indirect), Cost Accounting, Store Ledger (FIFO, LIFO, Weighted Average, EOQ), Labour Costing, Overhead Apportionment, Unit Costing (Cost Sheet & Tender Price), Reconciliation of Cost and Financial Accounts, and Computerized Accounting.

Market Structures (Perfect Competition and Monopoly price/output determination via TR-TC and MR-MC), Factor Pricing (Ricardian Rent, Modern Wages, Classical & Loanable Interest, Risk & Uncertainty Profit), Banking and Monetary Policy (Nepal Rastra Bank instruments), Public Finance (Direct/Indirect taxes, Canons, Deficit financing), Development Economics (HDI, Poverty, SDGs, FDI), Nepalese Economy (Foreign trade, WTO, SAFTA, Current Periodic Plan), and Quantitative Analysis in Economics (Sampling, SD, Variance, CV, Lorenz curve, Laspeyres & Paasche Index numbers).

Nature of Management, Management Principles (Taylor's Scientific Management, Fayol's 14 Principles, Weber's Bureaucracy), Planning & SWOT Analysis, Organizing (Structures & Decentralization), Decision Making under Certainty, Risk, and Uncertainty, Direction and Leadership Styles, Controlling Processes, Motivation Theories (Maslow & Herzberg), Communication & Contemporary Management (Supply Chain, TQM, Conflict), Business Letters, and Comprehensive Business Plan Formulation.

Corporate Finance, Financial Markets and Institutions in Nepal (NEPSE, SEBON), Time Value of Money, Capital Budgeting decisions (Payback, NPV, IRR), Working Capital Management, and Dividend Policy.

Marketing Mix (4Ps & 7Ps), Product Life Cycle (PLC), Pricing Strategies, Distribution Channels in Nepal, Promotion Mix (Advertising, Sales Promotion, PR, Digital Marketing), and Consumer Behavior.

Advanced Food Production & Culinary Arts, Food and Beverage Service Management, Front Office Accounting & Auditing, Housekeeping Operations, and Hospitality Laws in Nepal.

संविधान र नागरिक सचेतना (Constitution of Nepal, fundamental rights, judiciary), सहरीकरण र बसाइँसराइ (Urban planning, migration impacts), अर्थतन्त्र र विकास (Public revenue, financial literacy, investment in Nepal), तथा शिक्षा र सामाजिक विकास (Education policies, human capital development).

Mechanics (Vectors, Kinematics, Dynamics, Work-Energy, Circular Motion, Gravitation, Elasticity), Heat and Thermodynamics, Waves and Optics, Electrostatics and DC Circuits.

General & Physical Chemistry (Stoichiometry, Atomic Structure, Periodic Table, Chemical Bonding, Redox, States of Matter, Equilibrium), Inorganic Chemistry (Non-Metals, Metals), Organic Chemistry (Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Benzene), Applied Chemistry.

Algebra (Logic, Sets, Real Numbers, Polynomials, Complex Numbers, Sequences, Matrices), Trigonometry, Analytic Geometry (Lines, Pair of Lines, 3D Coordinates), Vectors, Statistics & Probability, Calculus (Limits, Derivatives, Integrals), Computational Methods.

Part I Botany (Biomolecules, Cell Biology, Floral Diversity, Microbiology, Ecology, Vegetation of Nepal) and Part II Zoology (Origin and Evolution of Life, Animal Diversity, Anatomy of Earthworm and Frog, Biota & Conservation).

Computer System, Number Systems & Boolean Logic, Operating Systems, Application Packages, Programming in C, Web Technology I (HTML5/CSS3), Multimedia, Information Security & Cyber Law.

Earth as a Closed System, Ecology & Population Dynamics, Natural Resource Management, Environmental Pollution & Standards, Disaster Risk Management.

20 Language Development Units and 20 Literature Selections (Short Stories, Poems, Essays, One-Act Plays) under revised CDC Framework.

साहित्यिक विधा (कविता, कथा, निबन्ध, नाटक), भाषिक संरचना, व्याकरण र समसामयिक राष्ट्रिय निबन्ध लेखन ।

Bookkeeping concepts, Accounting Equation, Journal, Subsidiary Books, Triple Column Cash Book, Ledger, Trial Balance, Bank Reconciliation Statement (BRS), Depreciation (SLM/DBM), Reserve & Provisions, Final Accounts of Sole Proprietorship, Non-Profit Accounting, Incomplete Records, and Government Accounting in Nepal (AGF 203, 208, 209, 210).

Basic Concepts (Wealth, Welfare, Scarcity, PPC), Microeconomics (Demand, Supply, Market Equilibrium, Price/Income/Cross Elasticity), Consumer Behavior (Cardinal Utility, Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility), Production Theory (Law of Variable Proportions, Returns to Scale), Macroeconomics (National Income GDP, GNP, NNP, NI, PI, DI, Real vs Nominal GDP), Development Economics, and Nepalese Economy.

Introduction to Business, Evolution & Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship & Business Startup Registration in Nepal, Forms of Business Ownership (Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Company, Co-operatives, Public Enterprises), Business Support Agencies (FNCCI, CNI, NCC), Office Management, Filing & Indexing, Record Management, and Business Communication.

Algebra (Linear functions, demand/supply curves, break-even, quadratic optimization, exponential & log models), Calculus (Limits, derivatives, marginal cost/revenue/profit, indefinite integrals), Financial Mathematics (Present worth, discount, annuities), Linear Programming (Graphical optimization), Statistics (Central tendency, dispersion, CV), Probability, and MS Excel formula implementations.

Financial Management Goals, Financial Institutions & Markets in Nepal, Life vs Non-Life Insurance, Mutual Funds (NAV), Time Value of Money (Compounding, Discounting, Annuities), Shareholder Equity & Book Value per Share, Stock Market Quote Interpretation (NEPSE, C-ASBA), and Loan Amortization Schedules.

Nature & Concepts of Marketing, Marketing Mix (4Ps), Marketing Environment (Micro & Macro), Consumer Buyer Behavior, Market Segmentation & Target Marketing, Wholesalers & Retailers in Nepal distribution channels, and Marketing Information Systems (MIS).

Hospitality Industry Overview, Hotel Classifications (Downtown vs Resort, Chain Hotels), Front Office Operations (Telephone etiquette, Key controls, GRE, FIT), Housekeeping Responsibilities (Room Attendant duties), Food & Beverage Service (F&B Outlets, Restaurant cover layouts, Maître d'hôtel), Food Production (Garde Manger), and Large Hotel Organization Hierarchy.

Concepts of Tourism, Tourist Motivation (Allocentric vs Psychocentric), Tourism Products of Nepal (Terai National Parks, Cultural Heritage, Homestays), Adventure Tourism, Mountain Geography of Nepal (8000m peaks), Health Hazards in Mountaineering (AMS, Frostbite), and Mountaineering Expedition Rules, Royalties & Permits under Nepal Tourism Board (NTB) & Department of Tourism.

Contemporary Nepali Society, Constitution & Democratic Governance, Federal Structure of Nepal, Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Economic Development, Environment and Disaster Management, and Critical Life Skills (Communication, Empathy, Problem Solving).

Reading I & II comprehension, vocabulary in context, 14 communicative language functions, contextual grammar, and guided/free writing compositions.

कविता, कथा, निबन्ध, जीवनी, एकाङ्की, वादविवाद, मनोवाद, बोध र अभिव्यक्ति, सप्रसङ्ग व्याख्या, वर्णविन्यास तथा व्याकरण र सिर्जनात्मक लेखन ।

Sets (Venn diagrams 2 & 3 sets), Compound Interest & Depreciation, Currency & Exchange Rates, Mensuration (Solids & Combined solids), Quadratic Equations, Geometry Theorems & Constructions, Statistics, and Probability.

Scientific Study, Living World (Classification, Honey Bee, Heredity, Circulatory System), Physics (Gravitation, Pressure, Heat, Optics, Electricity), Chemistry (Periodic Table, Gases, Metals, Hydrocarbons), and Universe & ICT.

We and Our Society, Infrastructure Development, Social Values & Heritage, Social Problems & Remedies, Civic Consciousness & Constitution, Our Earth & Geography, Our Past & History, Economic Activities, and International Relations.

Algebra (Functions, Polynomials, Linear Programming), Limit & Continuity, Matrix (Determinants, Inverse, Cramer Rule), Coordinate Geometry, Trigonometry (Compound & Multiple angles), Vectors, Transformation, and Statistics.

Office Procedure, Filing & Indexing, Trade, Financial Institutions, Trial Balance, Final Accounts, Government Accounting, Journal Voucher, Budget Sheet, Monthly Statement, Bank Cash Book, and Petty Cash Book.

Cyber Law & Ethics, Networking & Telecommunication, Internet Services, Computer Security & Virus, Multimedia, Number Systems, MS Access DBMS, QBASIC Modular & File Handling, and C Programming.

Cost and Income Curves, Product Pricing, Factors of Production Pricing, Banking and Financial Institutions, Public Finance, Development Economics, International Trade, Economic Planning, and Statistics in Economics.

Electric drives, illumination schemes, electric heating, welding, industrial electrolysis, and electric traction fundamentals (CDC LRM Ref 3851).

OOP concepts, Classes and Objects, Data Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and C++/Java fundamentals (CDC LRM Ref 3864).

Scientific learning, Force and Motion, Work, Energy and Power, Waves, Matter, Chemical Reactions, Cell Biology, Living Organisms, Genetics, and Astronomy.

Sets, Profit and Loss, Compound Interest and Depreciation, Value Added Tax (VAT), Indices, Ratio & Proportion, Linear and Quadratic Equations, Geometry, Trigonometry, and Statistics.

Computer Fundamentals, Number System conversion tables 0-15 (Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal), Computer Software and Operating Systems, QBASIC modular programming, and HTML/CSS web design.

Unit 1 Building Construction Materials: Clay Bricks, Sand, Stone, Cement (OPC and PPC), Mortars (Lime, Clay, Cement), Structural Glass, Plastics, Bitumen, and Timber under CDC Ref 3804.

Language functions, reading comprehension, contextual grammar, sentence transformations, essay and formal letter writing.

साहित्यिक पाठहरू (कविता, कथा, नाटक, निबन्ध), व्याकरण (पदवर्ग, काल र भाव, वाच्य, पदयोग र पदवियोग), र रचनात्मक अभिव्यक्ति ।

We and Our Society, Civic Consciousness, Our Past and Historical Heritage, Economic Activities, Our Earth and Geography, and International Cooperation.

Functions, Polynomials, Matrix operations, Coordinate Geometry (lines, angles between lines), Trigonometric compound angles and identities, Vectors, and Geometric Transformations per CDC Specification Table.

Introduction to Bookkeeping, Double Entry System, Journal Entries, Ledger Accounts, Cash Book, Petty Cash Book, and Trial Balance.

Basic economic concepts, Goods and Services, Factors of Production, Division of Labor, Money and Banking basics, National Income, and Nepalese Economic Sectors.

Puranic literature, Vedic history, narrative verses, ethical discourses from Ramayana and Mahabharata, and cultural values (CDC 2082 1st Edition).

Foundations of Indian logic and philosophy: Pramanas (epistemology), Perception (Pratyaksha), Inference (Anumana), Comparison (Upamana), and Testimony (Shabda) per CDC 2082 1st Edition.

Scientific Learning, Force and Simple Machines, Pressure, Energy, Heat, Light and Sound, Electricity, Matter, Living World, and Environment for Municipality BLE examination.

Sets, Integers, Fractions and Decimals, Profit & Loss, Simple Interest, Algebraic Expressions and Factorization, Geometry (Lines, Angles, Triangles), and Statistics.

Communicative English, Conditional Sentences Type II, Eating habits health guides, Holiday planning, Syllable division and pronunciation under CDC Ref 10501.

नेपाली पाठ्यपुस्तक, पदवर्ग, शब्दभण्डार, वाक्य संश्लेषण र विश्लेषण, बोध र व्यावहारिक लेखन (पत्र र निवेदन) ।

Our Culture and Tradition, Civic Responsibilities, Constitution and Governance, Geography of Nepal, and Historical Figures.

Personal Hygiene, Environmental Health, Nutrition, First Aid, Physical Fitness, Traditional Games, Music, and Visual Arts.

Complete 11 Units from verified 368-page CDC textbook (H7b5tAFrXUVqfro7-1682585903.pdf): Scientific Learning, ICT, Living Beings, Biodiversity, Life Processes, Force & Motion, Energy, Electricity & Magnetism, Matter, Materials of Daily Use, Earth & Space, plus Model Question and Specification Grid.

Sets, Whole Numbers, Integers, Fractions, Decimals, Ratio and Proportion, Unitary Method, Simple Interest, Basic Algebra, Lines and Angles, Perimeter and Area.

Interactive reading comprehension, vocabulary, descriptive paragraphs, dialogue writing, and grammatical structures.

सरल बालसाहित्यिक पाठहरू, पदवर्ग परिचय, नाम, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रियापद, शुद्ध वर्णविन्यास र लेखन ।

Our Community, Social Norms, Local Governance in Nepal, Natural Heritage, and Neighboring Countries.

Human body hygiene, Nutrition and Balanced Diet, Safety and First Aid, Posture, Athletics, and Folk Dances of Nepal.

Introduction to Science and Scientific Skills, Living World and Cells, Plants and Animals, Matter, Force and Motion, Energy, Light and Sound, Weather and Earth.

Sets, Whole Numbers and Place Value, Factors and Multiples (HCF and LCM), Fractions, Decimals, Basic Geometry, and Perimeter.

Illustrated reading texts, simple conversational phrases, phonetics, parts of speech, and guided story writing.

सचित्र बालसाहित्य, पदवर्ग परिचय, वाक्य गठन, वर्णविन्यास सुधार, र मौलिक रचनात्मक अभिव्यक्ति ।

We and Our Family, Good Habits, Local Physical Environment, Our Country Nepal, and Historical National Heroes.

Healthy Living, Clean Water and Sanitation, Communicable Diseases, Basic Physical Drills, Gymnastics, and Local Craft Making.